Dreams in Times of War
La locas ilusiones
Oswaldo Estrada
 Leaving is no problem. Itâs exciting actually;
⊠itâs a drug. Itâs the staying gone that will kill you.
â Daniel AlarcĂłn, âAbsenceâ
Those days were uncertain. Full of shadows and eternal nights. Lit by kerosene lamps and thin, lean candles. The electricity would go off when the main characters of the soap opera were about to kiss, and people would grab any containers they could lay their hands on to fill them with water. Pots and jugs, plastic buckets and bottles, before the pipes were completely dry. We dreamed about going far away. In a train or boat, but especially by plane. To see the world from the sky.
âIâm going to show up at the consulate until they get sick of me. Those gringo pricks will give me a visa, if only to never have to lay eyes on me again. They can give me one thatâs good for a week. For a day, if they want. I swear to God, Iâll grab my bags and leave forever.â
Uncle Lucho was like that. He wouldnât admit defeat, even if theyâd already rejected his visa application four times.
âWhat makes you think theyâll give it to you this time?â Aunt Elisa asked, trying to make him listen to reason.
He had a gut feeling. He wanted to leave like the other hundreds and thousands whoâd fled to the United States, Spain and Japan.
âIf they donât open the door for you, youâll get in through the window,â a Chilean fortune teller had promised him, two years earlier, in Miraflores. âYour destiny is over there. I see it in the cards. Youâll go, and you wonât come back.â
Thatâs why he assured me over lunch that our future awaited in Los Angeles or New York. âWe have family there,â he argued passionately. âFriends. And you have an American passport, sobrino. A safe-conduct out of this inferno.â
I knew I had been born in this country, but the probabilities of moving here were remote. What money did we have to undertake that journey? My father lived somewhere in the United States, but he was a ghost, a myth. Only once or twice a year did he send a one-hundred-dollar bill to his motherâs house, wrapped in aluminum foil, to cover six months of late child support. What money did we have, if my mother already had to work wonders to stretch her salary? Teaching English at a school. Giving private lessons at studentsâ homes. Creating summer courses in order to buy our school supplies, uniforms and shoes to start the year.
We were at war. We stood in endless lines to receive a few staples every two weeks or once a month. We drank powdered milk and ate government-issued bread. Paltry and brown. We walked quickly, glancing all around us. Always careful to not miss curfew. Fearful that the next bomb might explode on our street. Or in front of the police station. At the door of the school.
âWhy donât we leave, mamĂĄ?â
âLife over there isnât as easy as your uncle makes it out to be,â sheâd answer uneasily, distant. Without leaving an opening for my rejoinder. If she hadnât been able to make it with her teenage sweetheart by her side, how would she start from zero now, separated, and with two children?
I knew the story by heart. My fatherâs job parking cars at a restaurant. Their arguments. Their few moments of leisure. Watching films in their car, at the drive-in movies. Or eating hamburgers with other Peruvians who were in the same boat. Or worse. Living collectively, working like animals. Iâd heard the story so many times that I could picture them at twenty, in their pitched battle. Alone. Suffering extreme weather. And my mother crying, wanting to return. Regretting having left her studies in Lima to follow him. Walking down a long avenue with a belly seven, eight, nine months swollen. Struggling because she didnât know how to do anything. Or scared of doing it all wrong.
I knew it, and it pained me. But I continued my campaign, like an unhealthy obsession. Adapting my pleas, my promises, solving every problem like Punky Brewster or Webster, the kids in the American series we loved from afar. âLetâs go, mamĂĄ. I can work, too. Over there, kids earn money helping old people at the supermarket, selling lemonade in front of their houses, washing their neighborsâ cars. And you speak English. You can work anywhere.â
She always repeated the same thing. That I shouldnât insist. That I should leave her alone. Until the day we went back to live with her parents, and she promised to renew my passport. So Iâd quit nagging. Or because deep down itâs what she actually wanted, although it terrified her to return to a tiny apartment, like the one where sheâd learned how to suffer in excess.
After so many years, it wasnât easy to prove at the American consulate that the newborn in the photograph was me. Because theyâd broken up and gotten back together every three or four months, coming and going from her parentsâ house to her in-lawsâ, fighting almost to death over a Panasonic TVâthe only material item from their time in Anaheimâmy parents had forgotten to legally register my birth outside of the country.
âHeâs American,â they mentioned with pride at every family gathering, as if my footprints in a foreign document could deliver me from all evil.
âAny day he likes, heâll catch a plane and leave,â Uncle Lucho pronounced, winking at me as if he were plotting something.
I agreed with my uncle, a lanky man with coke-bottle glasses and a half-balding head. A dreamer like no other. Thatâs why I told my friends that any day now Iâd be leaving. That maybe next year Iâd no longer be with them.
âYouâre so lucky,â Amelia would say, when she heard my plans in the schoolyard. âWhat I wouldnât give to be born over there in your country, and not in Huancayo.â
I liked her freckles, her colored pencils, that sweet little Andean voice of hers. We laughed together about everything. About our civics teacher, Profe Ordóñez, who showered us with spit whenever he taught class, or Gonzålez, the fat and happy gym teacher whose t-shirt always hiked up above his navel.
âIâll write you every month,â I promised. âAnd when I come back on vacation, Iâll bring you a suitcase full of presents.â
âYou swear to me, Saravia?â
I never imagined how hard it would be to renew my American passport. Or to leave Peru after having lived there illegally for almost fourteen years.
âIllegally?â
âYes, maâam,â the immigration agent restated. âYour son entered the country with a ninety-day permit.â
âThatâs ridiculous. Weâre Peruvian.â
âIf you want to legalize his status, youâll have to pay the taxes accrued during all these years.â
My mother had a panic attack when she calculated the thousands and millions of intis she owed for not registering me in time. âIf only weâd stayed there,â she suddenly sighed. âIf Iâd been more daring. Weâd have a different life. Weâd be independent.â And between sobs, she convinced herself all over that sheâd done the right thing. âHow could I stay there alone, and with a sick child? Your brother wouldnât have been born. You would have grown up without your grandparents. With me working all day, doing who knows what, and you in a daycare. Or in the hospital. With tubes and masks so you could breathe.â
It was my fault. Or Uncle Luchoâs, for having put ideas in my head. And Iâd have to pay, being stuck there forever. Like my brother, who had been born on native soil. Like all my friends who dreamed of moving to the United States to visit Disneyland, to climb the steep hills of San Francisco. Iâd be stuck without eating pizza on a street corner, standing in the freezing cold. Without yelling for a cab in a city full of tall buildings. Without ever boarding a yellow school bus.
I cursed the day it had crossed my mind that we could leave. If our situation had been tight before, now we owed the goddamned State. And just for having been born in a gringo hospital.
My brother consoled me, as if theyâd soon cart me off to jail. He gave me his animal crackers. His stickers. Sweets. The same way heâd leave presents on my bed when he saw me sick, coughing until I was drowning, barely breathing. âWhat if tĂo is right?â heâd ask in the darkness of our room. âWhat if he could sneak you out through Chile or Ecuador?â
âStop that nonsense, Lucho. Only you would think of something like that,â my grandfather scolded from the kitchen. âWho do you think you are? MacGyver? Indiana Jones? Get to work and no more foolery.â But he insisted that he could get me out through Huaquillas or Arica. Heâd smuggle me to one end of the country or the other. And heâd camouflage me in a shipping truck, hidden under a seat. Or in the trunk of a car. Just like in an action movie.
In the end, it wasnât necessary. Greasing palms here and there, with a gold watch, a Lomo de Corvina bracelet, a solitaire on a chain, my grandmother achieved the unimaginable. Not only was an entry stamp added to my brand-new American passport, but a second, dark crimson seal was issued by the Headquarters of Immigration and Naturalization, authorizing my exit from the country âfor having concluded my stay.â
Nobody could believe that after months of racking our brains and sniveling, my grandmother MarĂa had made it happen the way things had always been done her entire life. Talking with a paisano. Asking a cousin for a favor. Explaining the situation to a coronel and handing out gifts each step of the way.
We had a big celebration, passing the passport from hand to hand like a talisman, applauding my grandmother for solving the problem her way, the way itâs done in the Andes. Toasting my future. Planning a party. Until someone realized that Iâd have to leave the country within fifteen days.
My mother started to backpedal. Fifteen days? With all my paperwork, she hadnât processed her own documents, nor my brotherâs. Sheâd have to prove financial solvency, produce bank statements, property titles and other papers that, of course, she didnât have. In addition, she needed the authorization of the childrenâs court judge so my brother could leave the country, signed in person by both parents. Because legally they were still married, and there was nothing to prove that my father had left Peru years before.
I donât know how I managed to convince her. Or if everyone interceded on my behalf. I didnât go on a hunger strike, like she had, when my grandparents had opposed her marriage to her sweetheart in the United States. I didnât slam doors. I didnât even cry, like sheâd cried, until her father had bought her a plane ticket, preferring to see her alive, albeit faraway, and not nearby and dead, like Aunt Juana MarĂa who died of love, according to the family, or tuberculosis, as stated on her death certificate.
When she found me in the bedroom, her mind was already made up. Her face washed and serene. âYour grandparents are going to buy you a ticket. And youâll take my savings. As a precaution. In case of an emergency.â Iâd go to Carolinaâs house, her friend who had always volunteered to host us. Or to a cousinâs, in southern Florida. Just for a few months, while she regularized her situation, and my brotherâs.
There was no time to lose. I needed a suitcase, new clothes. I had to update my vaccines, obtain a certificate proving my completion of three years of middle school in order to enroll in an American high school. Cut my hair. Change the frames of my glasses that were about to break.
The last thing we needed was a medical document to prove that I hadnât caught cholera, which was reaping lives up and down the coast. Thatâs when my father called on the phone. Just like that. Out of the blue.
Heâd found out through my grandmother Lina that everything was ready for my trip, and he wanted to be the one to take me in. I could stay with his sister Graciela in Miami for a couple of weeks. And she would personally take me to Los Angeles. âItâs the best option,â he insisted, his voice completely unfamiliar to me. âHow are you going to send him off to a cousin if he has me? Let me prove to you that Iâve changed,â he begged. âAnd I promise to help you with the papers. Iâll go sign whateverâs needed. To bring you both here.â
It was very unlikely that I had caught the cholera bacteria. We boiled our water before drinking it; we washed everything with soap. We avoided fish and raw vegetables. But after that phone call, I began to experience the symptoms they repeated on the radio and television. Nausea. Vomiting. My stomach was a mess. My body ached.
âItâs your decision.â
âAnd what do you think?â
âI no longer know whatâs best.â
I understood the gravity of the situation when we arrived at Callao. Due to the most recent terrorist attacks, only passengers with a ticket and passport in hand could enter the airport. Everyone was outside, crying on the sidewalk. At the entrance to the parking lot. Making last minute requests. Kissing each other with urgency in front of the security guards, armed and intimidating. Stony in the face of othersâ pain.
I would have liked to say goodbye to my friends from school. If only Amelia Ojeda, Acosta or FernĂĄndez could have been there. Kathy LĂĄzaro. David Barrera. But I traveled the afternoon of the 28th of February. We were on vacation, and there was no way to let them know.
At Aunt Elisaâs house, the family said goodbye to me the day before I left. With heartfelt speeches and stories, humitas de choclo, an orange cake and the usual snacks. Crackers with butter. Olives and fresh cheese on toothpick skewers. Songs by Wilfrido Vargas and Juan Luis Guerra were all the rage. We took happy pictures, two at a time, in groups of four, in front of the table. The adults with a glass in their hands while we made faces. We swore to write each other always. And not cry.
My grandfather had a knot in his throat. He rested my suitcase on the ground. He hugged me the tightest he could without breaking inside and he said goodbye, telling me to be brave and not feel sad for them. El papĂĄ Carlos. Always looking after his children and grandchildren. Paying school tuitions, making sure there was enough food on the table. Reserved. Proper.
My brother was happy for me. He asked me to send him a Nintendo and a skateboard. To call from time to time so he could tell me about the people in our neighborhood. He gave me a lemon candy. âSo you can suck on it way up there. When youâre flying.â
âIâm not asking anything of you, sobrino, because in a couple of months Iâll be there myself. These gringos are no match for me.â Uncle Lucho always cracked me up. âEven if I have to go by land, Iâm leaving. With my little backpack and tennis shoes.â
My grandmother MarĂa interrupted him to tell me to step off the plane with my right foot first. With her superstitions, she had saved her family. Never taking the trash out at night. Interpreting dreams. Touching hunchbacks on the street and believing that if you see a man in the morning walking with a limp, it will bring good luck. âYou donât trust me? You better believe this old lady who knows her witchcraft. Remember to step off with your right foot, and donât you take off the red string tied around your wrist.â She didnât cry because a motherâs tears are bad for her children. And she had paid a high price for not learning this in time.
I donât know how many more steps I took inside the airport with my mother. As a minor, she could enter with me, but only as far as the first AeroPerĂș counter, where they checked my documents and we said goodbye. She was skinny, like she was when she left to get married in the United States. She wanted to cry all alone. In bed and with the lights off. Pretending she had a migraine. But she acted strong. I was her source of pride. The son who had cost her so much. Because of my weak lungs. Because of her constant fear of losing me. âNow thereâs no turning back,â she managed to tell me before stepping through the door, like her father had told her fifteen years earlier when he said goodbye to her at that same airport. âIâll join you in a month. Bundle up, hijo. Donât drink anything too cold. Take care of yourselfâŠâ
I couldnât make out all of her instructions, but I understood there was no return when the airplane rose over Lima. Below were the desolate hills. The year-round dust and drizzle. Flat roofs heaped with old chairs, brooms, bricks and sticks. The voices from recess and the market stayed behind. Las Perdices Street and Santa Rosa Avenue where I had lived illegally for so many years. And my place at the table, and my spot when the bell rang for us to line up.
Like anyone from the countryside who leaves his small hometown for the first time, on route to the big city, I clung to my personal belongings the entire trip. I donât know how many times I checked to make sure that the money my mother and grandparents had given me was still sewn inside my pants pockets. And I just sat there. The one time I stood up to go to the bathroom, I took my passport, birth certificate, school documents and the paper stating that I didnât have cholera. I had grown up in a world that was so violent, where child delinquents robbed their victims of everything but their underwear, with holdups at any time of day, muggings in buses, that I thought Iâd be robbed mid-flight. Which is why I didnât speak with the people sitting on either side of me, a man with a large stomach and an old lady with tricolored hair, although they insisted on knowing who I was, where I was going, and why I was traveling without my parents.
Pretending I was asleep, I remembered that in sixth grade, they had taken us to the same international airport from which we had departed that afternoon. They had us sit in a plane where they told us about Jorge ChĂĄvez, the most revered hero of Peruvian aviation who crashed in Italy, after making the first air crossing of the Alps in 1910. We got there on a rickety bus with flimsy seats, decorated with signs reading No smoking, There is room at the back, Offer your seat to seniors, Ring the (nonexistent) buzzer to request a stop. We were seated in a Faucett airplane and served a light snack, on plastic trays, as if we were playing house with the pilot and stewardesses. We didnât go anywhere. They only turned the turbines on for a few seconds, before throwing us out. Because we were rude. Disrespectful.
The oldest students in the class had started singing La gallina turuleca when the captain was talking about turbulence, oxygen masks, emergency exits. The teacherâs whacks and raps to our heads as a way to bring order to the plane only sent us into fits of laughter. And then paper projectiles, sweaters and napkins began flying through the cabin. Seeing there was no going back, Valverde began clamoring to be saved. âThe plane is falling,â he screamed. âWeâre going to die right here.â And we yelled with him as the wind broke our wings and we fell, like the illustrious Peruvian pilot, on Italian soil. We crashed together on the runway and were punished in the principalâs office.
The world was transformed when the airplane began its descent over Florida. It was nighttime. I had never seen so many lights shining at the same time. In Lima, the bulbs on the posts that werenât smashed by rocks glowed a depressing yellow. This was completely different. Colorful lights. Radiant. Beautiful. Placed by invisible hands on the night stage.
When I departed the airplane, I followed the people who walked hurriedly in one direction. I reached the place where they check passports and told my story to the immigration officer. Dying of fright. Thinking he would question the veracity of my words. Of my citizenship. Like in Lima. I donât know where he was from, but his demeanor was friendly. As if heâd always known me and truly knew everything that had happened up until that moment when I stood facing him. Welcome home, was the only thing he said. And I understood that I had permission to follow the path of white lines painted on the floor. I walked a long way, trailing the other passengers, turning right and left. Resolute in my stride. With my heart pounding and on the verge of tears. Because having rehearsed so carefully the story of being Peruvian-American, or an American raised in a country with too few lights and too much violence, Iâd forgotten the secret to winning this war: to step out with my right foot first when exiting the plane.
-Image from The Library of Congress
Oswaldo Estrada (Santa Ana, California, 1976) is a Peruvian-American writer. He is the author of a childrenâs book, El secreto de los trenes (2018), and of three collections of short stories, Luces de emergencia (ValparaĂso Ediciones 2019, 2020; Maquinaciones Narrativa, 2021), Las locas ilusiones y otros relatos de migraciĂłn (Axiara, 2020), and Las guerras perdidas (Sudaquia 2021). He edited the volume of stories Incurables. Relatos de dolencias y males (Ars Communis, 2020) with contributions by twenty Latin American authors who live in the US. In 2020, he won two International Latino Book Awards, as well the International Latino and Latin American Book Fair Prize from Tufts University. In 2021, he was a finalist for the Doris Betts Fiction Prize. He is a professor of Latin American Literature at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
 Sarah Pollack has published many literary translations from Spanish to English of authors including Juan Villoro, Fabio MorĂĄbito, Enrique Fierro, Cristina Peri Rossi and Ida Vitale in journals such as Words Without Borders, Bomb, Gulf Coast, The Brooklyn Railâs InTranslation, Reunion: The Dallas Review, and International Poetry Review. She has published translations of the collections of poetry Reason Enough (Host Publications, 2007) by Uruguayan poet Ida Vitale, Eloise (Unicorn Press, 2015) by Mexican Silvia Eugenia Castillero, as well as the novellas Passages (Chatos Inhumanos, 2018) by Argentine Mariana Graciano, and An Evocation of Matthias Stimmberg (Wakefield Press, 2021) by Mexican author Alain-Paul Mallard. She is an associate professor of Latin American literature and translation studies at the College of Staten Island and The Graduate Center, CUNY.
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Leaving is no problem. Itâs exciting actually;
⊠itâs a drug. Itâs the staying gone that will kill you.
–Daniel AlarcĂłn, âAbsenceâ
Eran dĂas inciertos. De muchas sombras y noches eternas. Alumbradas por lĂĄmparas de querosene y velas delgadas, esbeltas. La luz se iba cuando los protagonistas de la telenovela estaban a punto de darse un beso y la gente corrĂa a juntar agua en lo que fuera. En ollas y jarras, en baldes de plĂĄstico y botellas, antes de que los caños se secaran por completo. Soñåbamos con irnos muy lejos. En tren o en barco, pero sobre todo en aviĂłn. Para ver el mundo desde el cielo.
âMe voy a presentar en el consulado hasta que se cansen de mĂ. Estos gringos jijunas me van a dar la visa, aunque sĂłlo sea para no volver a verme. Que me la den por una semana. Por un dĂa, si quieren. Y te juro por Ă©sta que agarro mis chivas y me largo para siempre.
El tĂo Lucho era asĂ. No se daba por vencido, aunque ya le habĂan negado la visa cuatro veces.
âÂżQuĂ© te hace pensar que te la van a dar esta vez? Preguntaba la tĂa Elisa para hacerlo entrar en razĂłn.
TenĂa esa corazonada. QuerĂa irse como otros cientos y miles que huĂan a los Estados Unidos, a España, o a JapĂłn.
âSi no te abren la puerta, te metes por la ventana, le habĂa jurado una bruja chilena dos años antes en Miraflores. AllĂĄ estĂĄ tu destino. Lo veo en las cartas. Te vas y no vuelves.
Por eso me aseguraba a la hora del almuerzo que nuestro futuro estaba en Los Ăngeles o en Nueva York. AllĂĄ tenemos familia, alegaba con pasiĂłn. Amigos. Y tĂș tienes un pasaporte americano, sobrino. Un salvoconducto para salir de este infierno.
Yo sabĂa que habĂa nacido en este paĂs, pero la posibilidad de mudarnos acĂĄ era remota. ÂżCon quĂ© dinero emprenderĂamos esa travesĂa? Mi padre vivĂa en algĂșn lugar de los Estados Unidos, pero era un fantasma, un mito. SĂłlo una o dos veces al año enviaba a casa de su madre un billete de cien dĂłlares, envuelto en papel platina, para cubrir seis meses de pensiones atrasadas. ÂżCon quĂ© dinero si mi madre hacĂa malabares para estirar el sueldo? Enseñando inglĂ©s en un colegio particular. Dando clases a domicilio. InventĂĄndose cursos de verano para comprarnos Ăștiles escolares, uniformes y zapatos para comenzar el año.
Eran tiempos de guerra. HacĂamos colas interminables para recibir unos cuantos vĂveres cada quince dĂas o un mes. TomĂĄbamos leche en polvo y comĂamos pan popular. RaquĂtico y moreno. CaminĂĄbamos de prisa, mirando a todos lados. Siempre pendientes de no violar el toque de queda. Temerosos de que la prĂłxima bomba fuera a explotar en nuestra calle. Frente a una comisarĂa. En la puerta de la escuela.
âÂżY si nos vamos, mamĂĄ?
âLa vida allĂĄ no es tan fĂĄcil como la pinta tu tĂo, contestaba distante, temerosa. Sin darme opciĂłn de rĂ©plica. Si no habĂa podido salir adelante junto a su amor de adolescente, ÂżcĂłmo podrĂa empezar desde cero, separada y con dos hijos?
ConocĂa la historia con puntos y comas. El trabajo de mi padre estacionando autos en un restaurante. Sus peleas. Sus pocos momentos de diversiĂłn. Viendo pelĂculas desde el auto, en un cine al aire libre. O comiendo hamburguesas con otros peruanos que estaban en las mismas. O peor. Viviendo en comuna, trabajando como bestias. HabĂa escuchado la historia tantas veces que los podĂa imaginar a sus veinte años en una guerra campal. Solos. Aguantando climas extremos. Y a mi madre llorando, queriendo regresar. ArrepintiĂ©ndose de haber dejado sus estudios en Lima por irlo a buscar. Caminando por una larga avenida con una panza de siete, ocho y nueve meses. Sufriendo por no saber hacer nada. O atemorizada por hacerlo todo mal.
Lo sabĂa y me dolĂa. Pero volvĂa a la carga con una obsesiĂłn enfermiza. Modificando las sĂșplicas, las promesas, resolviendo cualquier problema como lo hacĂan Punky Brewster o Webster, los niños de las series americanas a los que amĂĄbamos de lejos. VĂĄmonos, mamĂĄ. Yo tambiĂ©n puedo trabajar. AllĂĄ los niños ganan dinero ayudando a los mayores en el supermercado, venden limonada en la puerta de casa, lavan los carros de sus vecinos. Y tĂș hablas inglĂ©s. Puedes trabajar donde sea.
Ella repetĂa lo mismo de siempre. Que no insistiera. Que la dejara en paz. Hasta el dĂa que regresamos a vivir con sus padres y prometiĂł renovar mi pasaporte. Para que no siguiera con la cantaleta. O porque en el fondo deseaba lo mismo, aunque la aterrorizara volver otra vez a un departamento minĂșsculo, donde aprendiĂł a sufrir de mĂĄs.
No fue fĂĄcil comprobar en el consulado americano que el reciĂ©n nacido de la foto era yo despuĂ©s de tantos años. Por pelearse y amistarse cada tres meses o cuatro, yendo y viniendo de casa de los padres a casa de los suegros, discutiendo a muerte por un televisor Panasonic, que era lo Ășnico material que les quedaba de su estancia en Anaheim, mis padres olvidaron registrar legalmente que habĂa nacido en el extranjero.
âĂl es americano, comentaban con orgullo en cualquier reuniĂłn familiar, como si las huellas de mis pies en un documento forĂĄneo pudieran librarme de todo mal.
âEl dĂa que quiera toma un aviĂłn y se va, sentenciaba el tĂo Lucho, guiñåndome un ojo. Con total complicidad.
Yo le daba la razĂłn al tĂo, espigadito, con sus lentes culo de botella y medio calvo. Soñador como ninguno. Por eso comentaba con mis compañeros que cualquier dĂa me irĂa. Que tal vez el año entrante ya no estarĂa con ellos.
âQuĂ© suerte tienes, me decĂa Amelia, cuando oĂa mis planes en el patio del colegio. Ya me hubiera gustado nacer allĂĄ en tu tierra y no en Huancayo.
Me gustaban sus pecas, sus lĂĄpices de colores y esa vocecita cultivada en la sierra. Nos reĂamos de todo. Del profesor Ordóñez que nos escupĂa cuando daba la clase de CĂvica o de GonzĂĄlez, el gordo feliz que enseñaba EducaciĂłn FĂsica con la camiseta levantada por encima del ombligo.
âTe voy a escribir todos los meses, le prometĂa. Y cuando vuelva de vacaciones te voy a traer una maleta llena de regalos.
âÂżMe lo juras, Saravia?
Ni en sueños imaginaba lo mucho que costarĂa renovar mi pasaporte americano. O salir del PerĂș despuĂ©s de haber vivido en la ilegalidad por casi catorce años.
âÂżIlegalidad?
âSĂ, señora, le aclarĂł el agente de migraciones. Su hijo entrĂł al paĂs con un permiso de noventa dĂas.
âEso es ridĂculo. Nosotros somos peruanos.
âSi quiere legalizar su situaciĂłn debe pagar los impuestos acumulados a lo largo de estos años.
Mi madre se arrancaba los pelos al cotejar los miles y millones de intis que debĂa por no haberme registrado a tiempo. Si nos hubiĂ©ramos quedado allĂĄ, suspiraba de repente. Si hubiera sido mĂĄs audaz. TendrĂamos otra vida. SerĂamos independientes. Y entre un llanto y otro volvĂa a convencerse de haberlo hecho bien. ÂżCĂłmo iba a quedarme allĂĄ sola y con un hijo enfermo? No hubiera nacido tu hermano. Hubieras crecido sin tus abuelos. Yo trabajando todo el dĂa, quiĂ©n sabe en quĂ©, y tĂș en una guarderĂa. O en el hospital. Con sondas y mascarillas para poder respirar.
Era mi culpa. O la del tĂo Lucho por meterme ideas en la cabeza. Y debĂa pagar quedĂĄndome allĂĄ para siempre. Como mi hermano que habĂa nacido en el territorio patrio. Como todos mis amigos que soñaban con mudarse a los Estados Unidos para ir a Disneylandia, o subir y bajar por las calles de San Francisco. Me quedarĂa sin comer pizza en una esquina. De pie, en pleno frĂo. Sin pedir un taxi a gritos en una ciudad de grandes edificios. Sin subirme a un autobĂșs amarillo.
MaldecĂa la hora en que se me ocurriĂł que podĂamos irnos. Si antes andĂĄbamos ajustados, ahora debĂamos. Al Estado y a la madre que lo habĂa parido. Y todo por haber nacido en un hospital gringo.
Mi hermano me consolaba como si pronto me fueran a llevar a la cĂĄrcel. Me regalaba sus galletas de animalitos. Sus calcomanĂas. Alguna golosina. Del mismo modo en que dejaba en mi cama regalos cuando me veĂa enfermo, tosiendo hasta ahogarme, respirando con dificultad. ÂżY si el tĂo tiene razĂłn? Me preguntaba en la oscuridad del cuarto. ÂżY si te saca por Chile o Ecuador?
âDĂ©jate de tonterĂas, Lucho. SĂłlo a ti se te ocurre algo semejante, lo regañaba mi abuelo desde la cocina. ÂżQuiĂ©n te crees? ÂżMacGyver? ÂżIndiana Jones? Ponte a trabajar y no hables disparates. Ăl insistĂa en que podĂa sacarme por Huaquillas o por Arica. Me llevarĂa de contrabando hasta uno de los extremos del paĂs. Y me camuflarĂa en un camiĂłn de mercaderĂas, debajo de un asiento. O en el maletero. Como en las pelĂculas de acciĂłn.
No hubo necesidad de hacerlo. Pagando aquĂ y allĂĄ, con un reloj de oro, una esclava Lomo de Corvina y una cadena con un brillante, mi abuela consiguiĂł lo impensable. No sĂłlo el traslado del sello de ingreso en mi flamante pasaporte americano sino un segundo sello granate expedido por la DirecciĂłn General de Migraciones y NaturalizaciĂłn, autorizando mi salida del paĂs âpor permanencia concluidaâ.
Nadie podĂa creer que despuĂ©s de meses de rompernos la cabeza y llorar por los rincones, mi abuela MarĂa lo hubiera logrado como se habĂan hecho las cosas toda la vida. Hablando con un paisano. PidiĂ©ndole el favor a un primo suyo. Tratando el asunto con un coronel y entregando obsequios a cada paso.
Lo celebramos en grande, pasando el pasaporte de mano en mano como un talismĂĄn, aplaudiendo a la abuela por resolver las cosas a su manera, como en la sierra. Brindando por mi futuro. Planeando una fiesta. Hasta que alguien se dio cuenta que debĂa abandonar el paĂs en quince dĂas.
Mi madre se echĂł para atrĂĄs. ÂżQuince dĂas? Con tanto papeleo mĂo, no habĂa tramitado sus propios documentos ni los de mi hermano. DebĂa demostrar solvencia econĂłmica, entregar estados de cuenta, tĂtulos de propiedad y otros papeles que por supuesto no tenĂa. Necesitaba, ademĂĄs, una autorizaciĂłn del juez de menores para que mi hermano pudiera salir del paĂs, firmada en persona por ambos padres. Porque legalmente seguĂan casados y no existĂa constancia alguna de que mi padre hubiera salido del PerĂș hacĂa años.
No sĂ© cĂłmo logrĂ© convencerla. O si todos intercedieron por mĂ. No hice huelga de hambre, como ella, cuando mis abuelos se opusieron a que se casara con su enamorado en los Estados Unidos. No tirĂ© un portazo. Ni llorĂ© siquiera, como hizo ella hasta que su padre le comprĂł un boleto de aviĂłn, prefiriendo verla viva, aunque fuera lejos, y no cerca y muerta, como la tĂa Juana MarĂa. Muerta de amor, segĂșn la familia, o de tuberculosis, de acuerdo al certificado de defunciĂłn.
Cuando entrĂł a buscarme al dormitorio, ya estaba decidida. Con la cara lavada y serena. Tus abuelos te van a comprar el pasaje. Y te vas a llevar mis ahorros. Como un seguro. Por cualquier emergencia. IrĂa a casa de Carolina, la amiga que siempre le habĂa ofrecido recibirnos. O con una prima, en el sur de la Florida. SĂłlo por un par de meses, mientras ella regularizaba su situaciĂłn y la de mi hermano.
No habĂa tiempo que perder. Necesitaba una maleta, ropa nueva. Poner al dĂa mis vacunas, obtener una constancia de estudios de mis tres años de secundaria para matricularme en un colegio americano. Cortarme el pelo. Cambiar el marco de mis lentes que estaban a punto de romperse.
SĂłlo nos faltaba un certificado mĂ©dico, para comprobar que no habĂa sido infectado por el cĂłlera que venĂa cobrando vidas por toda la costa, cuando mi padre llamĂł por telĂ©fono. AsĂ. De repente.
Se habĂa enterado por mi abuela Lina que todo estaba listo para mi viaje y querĂa hacerse cargo de mĂ. Me podĂa quedar con su hermana Graciela en Miami un par de semanas. Y ella misma me llevarĂa hasta Los Ăngeles. Es lo mejor, insistĂa con una voz que yo desconocĂa. ÂżCĂłmo vas a mandarlo con una prima si me tiene a mĂ? DĂ©jame demostrarte que he cambiado, le rogaba. Y te prometo ayudarte con los papeles. Ir a firmar lo que sea. Para traerlos aquĂ.
Era poco probable que tuviera la bacteria del cĂłlera. HervĂamos el agua antes de beberla, lavĂĄbamos todo con jabĂłn. EvitĂĄbamos el pescado y las verduras crudas. Pero a partir de esa llamada comencĂ© a sentir los sĂntomas que anunciaban por la radio y la televisiĂłn. NĂĄuseas. VĂłmitos. TenĂa el estĂłmago destrozado. Dolores en el cuerpo.
âEs tu decisiĂłn.
âÂżY tĂș quĂ© piensas?
âYo ya no sĂ© ni lo que es bueno.
EntendĂ la gravedad de la situaciĂłn cuando llegamos al Callao. Debido a los Ășltimos atentados, sĂłlo los pasajeros con boleto y pasaporte en mano podĂan ingresar al aeropuerto. Todos lloraban en la vereda. Al pie del estacionamiento. Haciendo encargos de Ășltimo minuto. DĂĄndose besos urgentes frente a los guardias de seguridad. Armados y amenazantes. De piedra ante el dolor ajeno.
Hubiera querido despedirme de los amigos del colegio. Que estuvieran ahà Amelia Ojeda, Acosta o Fernåndez. Kathy Låzaro. David Barrera. Pero viajé un 28 de febrero por la tarde. Eståbamos de vacaciones y no hubo modo de avisarles.
En la casa de la tĂa Elisa me despidieron un dĂa antes de partir. Con discursos sentidos y anĂ©cdotas, humitas de choclo, un bizcochuelo de naranja y los bocaditos de siempre. Galletas con mantequilla. Palitos de aceituna y queso fresco. Estaban de moda las canciones de Wilfrido Vargas y Juan Luis Guerra. Nos tomamos fotos felices de dos en dos, en grupitos de cuatro, frente a la mesa. Los mayores con una copa en la mano y nosotros haciendo muecas. Juramos escribirnos siempre. Y no llorar.
Mi abuelo tenĂa un nudo en la garganta. Puso mi maleta en el suelo. Me abrazĂł lo mĂĄs fuerte que pudo sin quebrarse por dentro y me despidiĂł pidiĂ©ndome que fuera valiente y no tuviera pena por ellos. El papĂĄ Carlos. Siempre pendiente de sus hijos y nietos. De pagar las pensiones del colegio, de que no faltara nada en la mesa. Callado. Correcto.
Mi hermano estaba feliz por mĂ. Me encargĂł que le mandara un Nintendo y un skateboard. Que lo llamara de vez en cuando para que me contara de la gente del barrio. Me regalĂł un caramelo de limĂłn. Para que lo chupes allĂĄ arriba. Cuando estĂ©s volando.
âYo no te pido nada, sobrino, porque en un par de meses estoy allĂĄ. Estos gringos no van a poder conmigo. El tĂo Lucho era un mate de risa. Aunque sea por tierra me voy. Con mi mochilita y mis zapatillas.
La abuela MarĂa lo interrumpiĂł para pedirme que pisara con el pie derecho al bajar del aviĂłn. Con sus supersticiones habĂa sacado adelante a la familia. Evitando tirar la basura de noche. Interpretando los sueños. Tocando jorobas por la calle y pensando que cruzarse con un cojo en la mañana daba buena suerte. ÂżNo me crees? CrĂ©ele a esta vieja que sabe de sus brujerĂas. AcuĂ©rdate de pisar con el pie derecho y no te quites el lazo rojo de la muñeca. No llorĂł porque las lĂĄgrimas de una madre son malas para los hijos. Y habĂa pagado con creces no saberlo a tiempo.
No sĂ© cuĂĄntos pasos mĂĄs di con mi madre dentro del aeropuerto. Como era menor de edad, pudo entrar conmigo, pero sĂłlo hasta el primer mostrador de AeroPerĂș, donde revisaron mis documentos y nos despedimos. Era flaquita, como cuando vino a casarse a los Estados Unidos. QuerĂa llorar a solas. En la cama y con las luces apagadas. Fingiendo una migraña. Pero se hizo la fuerte. Era su orgullo. El hijo que tanto le habĂa costado. Por mis bronquios dĂ©biles. Por el temor de perderme a cada paso. Ahora no hay vuelta atrĂĄs, alcanzĂł a decirme antes de cruzar la puerta, como le dijera su padre quince años antes al despedirla en ese mismo aeropuerto. En un mes estoy contigo. AbrĂgate, hijo. No tomes bebidas heladas. No hagas desarreglosâŠ
No alcancĂ© a oĂr todos sus encargos, pero entendĂ que no habĂa retorno cuando el aviĂłn se elevĂł por encima del suelo limeño. Abajo quedaron los cerros pelados. El polvo y la garĂșa de todo el año. Los techos con su ruma de sillas viejas, escobas, ladrillos y palos. Las voces del recreo y el mercado. La calle de Las Perdices y la Avenida Santa Rosa donde habĂa vivido ilegal por tantos años. Y mi lugar en la mesa. A la hora de la formaciĂłn.
Como todo provinciano que sale por primera vez de su patria chica rumbo a la ciudad, no me desprendĂ de mis objetos personales en todo el viaje. RevisĂ© no sĂ© cuĂĄntas veces que el dinero de mi madre y mis abuelos siguiera cosido a los bolsillos del pantalĂłn. Y me puse a esperar. La Ășnica vez que me parĂ© para ir al baño fui con mi pasaporte, mi partida de nacimiento, mis certificados de estudios y la constancia de que no tenĂa cĂłlera. HabĂa crecido en un mundo tan violento, de niños delincuentes que dejaban a sus vĂctimas en calzoncillos, atracos a todas horas y asaltos en el autobĂșs, que pensaba que me iban a robar en pleno vuelo. Por eso tampoco hablĂ© con mis vecinos de asiento, un señor barrigĂłn y una viejita con el pelo de tres colores, aunque insistieran en saber quiĂ©n era, a dĂłnde iba y por quĂ© viajaba sin mis padres.
HaciĂ©ndome el dormido, me acordĂ© que en sexto de primaria nos llevaron al mismo aeropuerto internacional de donde habĂamos salido esa tarde para subirnos a un aviĂłn y hablarnos de Jorge ChĂĄvez, el hĂ©roe mĂĄximo de la aviaciĂłn peruana que se estrellĂł en Italia, despuĂ©s de cruzar los Alpes por primera vez en 1910. Llegamos en un Ăłmnibus destartalado, de asientos precarios, decorado con anuncios de No fumar, Al fondo hay sitio, Ceda el asiento a los mayores, Toque el timbre (inexistente) para bajar. Nos sentaron en un aviĂłn de Faucett y nos sirvieron un refrigerio diminuto, en bandejitas de plĂĄstico, como si estuviĂ©ramos jugando a la casita con el piloto y las aeromozas. No fuimos a ninguna parte. SĂłlo encendieron las turbinas por unos instantes, antes de bajarnos a patadas. Por malcriados. Irrespetuosos.
Los mĂĄs viejos del salĂłn se habĂan puesto a cantar La gallina turuleca cuando el capitĂĄn estaba hablando de las turbulencias, las mascarillas de oxĂgeno, las salidas de emergencia. Nos dio un ataque de risa con los cocachos y sopapos que repartĂa nuestra maestra para poner orden en el aviĂłn. Y entonces empezaron a volar en la cabina los proyectiles de papel, las chompas y las servilletas. Al ver que estĂĄbamos perdidos, Valverde se puso a pedir auxilio. Se cae el aviĂłn, gritaba. Nos vamos a morir aquĂ mismo. Y nosotros gritamos con Ă©l cuando el viento rompiĂł nuestras alas y caĂmos, como el insigne piloto peruano, en tierras italianas. Estrellados en la pista de aterrizaje. Castigados en la direcciĂłn.
El mundo se hizo otro cuando el aviĂłn comenzĂł a descender sobre La Florida. Era de noche. Nunca habĂa visto tantas luces encendidas a la vez. En Lima los focos de los postes que no estaban quebrados de una pedrada alumbraban con un amarillo deprimente. Esto era otra cosa. Luces de colores. Radiantes. Hermosas. Distribuidas por manos invisibles en el escenario de la noche.
Al bajar del aviĂłn seguĂ a las personas que caminaban apuradas en una sola direcciĂłn. LleguĂ© al lugar donde revisan los pasaportes y le contĂ© mi historia al oficial de inmigraciĂłn. Muerto de miedo. Pensando que cuestionarĂa la veracidad de mis palabras. Mi ciudadanĂa. Como en Lima. No sĂ© de dĂłnde era, pero adoptĂł una actitud amable conmigo. Como si me conociera de siempre y en verdad supiera todo lo que habĂa pasado hasta plantarme frente a Ă©l. Bienvenido a casa, fue lo Ășnico que dijo. Y yo entendĂ que podĂa seguir el camino marcado por las lĂneas blancas pintadas en el piso. CaminĂ© un trecho largo, siguiendo a los otros pasajeros, doblando a la derecha y a la izquierda. Pisando firme. Con el corazĂłn a todo trote y a punto de llorar. Porque de tanto ensayar el cuento de ser peruano americano, o americano criado en un PerĂș de pocas luces y violencias, olvidĂ© lo mĂĄs importante para ganar esta guerra: pisar con el pie derecho al bajarme del aviĂłn.
-Imagen de The Library of Congress
Oswaldo Estrada es narrador, ensayista y profesor de literatura latinoamericana en la Universidad de Carolina del Norte en Chapel Hill. Es autor de varios libros de crĂtica literaria y cultural, como Troubled Memories: Iconic Mexican Women and the Traps of Representation (SUNY, 2018; 2019 Choice Outstanding Academic Title Award). Sus cuentos han aparecido en antologĂas y revistas de Estados Unidos, AmĂ©rica Latina y Europa. Suyos son El secreto de los trenes (UAM, 2018), basado en âEl guardagujasâ de Juan JosĂ© Arreola, y el libro de cuentos Luces de emergencia (ValparaĂso, 2019, International Latino Book Awards 2020). Es editor y co-autor de Incurables. Relatos de dolencias y males (Ars Communis, 2020, International Latino Book Awards 2020). Su libro Las locas ilusiones y otros relatos de migraciĂłn (Axiara, 2020) ganĂł el Primer Premio de Testimonio de la Feria Internacional del Libro Latino y Latinoamericano en Tufts 2020. Su libro de cuentos mĂĄs reciente es Las guerras perdidas (Sudaquia, 2021).©Literal Publishing. Queda prohibida la reproducciĂłn total o parcial de esta publicaciĂłn. Toda forma de utilizaciĂłn no autorizada serĂĄ perseguida con lo establecido en la ley federal del derecho de autor.
Las opiniones expresadas por nuestros colaboradores y columnistas son responsabilidad de sus autores y no reflejan necesariamente los puntos de vista de esta revista ni de sus editores, aunque sĂ refrendamos y respaldamos su derecho a expresarlas en toda su pluralidad







