Essay
The Natural Route (Fragments)

The Natural Route (Fragments)

La ruta natural (fragmentos)

Ernesto Hernández Busto

Translated by Tanya Huntington 

Just as Leopardi associates poetics with vagueness, imprecision, or the effect of the real passed through the sieve of memory, Valéry warns us in a famous quote that the syntax and words of a poem must be “as precise as possible, but the meaning must remain imprecise, multiple, never fully identifiable with the limited function of terms.” The poem becomes a precise assemblage that gives rise to imprecision; therein the radical strangeness of poetry, of the state of invention it bestows upon us.

* * *

 Summer in Grossetto, where I have come in search of the poet and psychiatrist Pedro Marqués de Armas. A “Refuge City” for writers in the Tuscan Maremma: boring as hell. A harsh landscape of dry yellow. And as if that weren’t enough, the worst heat wave in history. There is no escape. By day, it is all we can manage to read in bed, mouths agape, a reptilian routine. By night, we converse on the terrace.

            One torrid evening, Pedro tells me the story of how he met the poet Ángel Escobar. I don’t take notes, but it all continues to rattle around in my head. A few days later, I write down this version of his story in a fairly liberal first person:

            “I first came to the Hospital as an intern years ago, with the gratuitous presumption of any recently graduated psychiatrist: one more among the ranks of the incurable mechanicists of the soul. Valdés Mier made me his protégé, and I felt as if I were Charcot’s favorite pupil, the kind who sees hysteria springing up on all sides –that woman who entered my office one afternoon, so impressive with milk still flowing from her breasts, an ill-treated organic catatonia.

            Although the worst of doctrinary classification and reflexological therapy had come and gone, out there on the island we psychiatrists had to deal with all sorts of ruses; the strange pretenses or fabrications of certain patients whose profiles were nowhere to be found in the manuals. Symptoms that had always seemed to me to be subtle forms of psychic response to political demise or the fiasco of free will; symptoms that had found other channels for their unending twists and turns. Some of them were laughable, others, more dramatic –for example, the ongoing chain of suicides I had to deal with from the start of my internship, many of them due to malpractice. I don’t know how I managed to bear it all, but there I was, attending almost indifferently to a battalion of pathological liars, misfits, and suicidal patients until I came to the Poet, a moving case of actual schizophrenia, the interplay of voices that tormented a powerful mind. By the time he was admitted to the hospital, the Poet was already a clochard but nonetheless, he helped me find a way out of that world of cold, clinical reports and insular tragedies. He would enter my office with his puppeteer’s gait, sit on a chair and recite his schizoid odes nonstop. And then he would leave, that same gait denoting a person of considerable importance. Valdés Mier would laugh at me, at my interest in the delirium of a man who was Rimbaud one day and Antonio Maceo the next, while at the same time insisting to me that he should be locked up as soon as possible. But since I was indebted to the Poet and his friends, I paid him back by receiving him by day in the hospital every week and prescribing placebos that he would carefully store in the small cardboard box that always bulged inside his shirt pocket.

            Until one day, I could do no more and they finally admitted him. And he escaped in order to stick his head underneath a car, in the least graceful way imaginable. ‘He must be someone important,’ said the woman who found him in the middle of the street when she came to alert us at the Hospital. But it was late, too late, like everything else in that country.”

* * *

One of those interminable tropical rains. Down on the street, people struggle with their frayed umbrellas, a regiment of mocking corollas under a gray taffeta sky. Gazing through the window, I reflect on my birdless childhood, when a starling was as rare as those jewels the size of pigeon eggs that rest behind bulletproof glass in some museums, or mounted on the scepter of a former kingdom, now a republic. Therein my excursions, now as an adult and with the invincible alibi of paternity, to every possible zoo in order to flesh out these childhood fantasies. My discovery of a pheasant in a Polish village. Or the ruff of a duck, reminiscent of a rare emerald.

* * *

It isn’t hard to discover how certain traits, a latticework of physical features that comprise the classic image of beauty, immediately inspire confidence or even invite us to come closer. This mostly happens with people who are dazzlingly, persuasively attractive. But such proximity seems merely an illusion to one of the two parties, given that more often than not, beauty of this kind is imperceptible to the one who lives, in a manner of speaking, inside it. Afterwards, inevitably, the reticence, the mistrust typical of someone who is different, who even when trying to be friendly cannot help but make us feel as if we were being treated with a measure of indulgence.

            The voyeur’s impulse to approach the object of his contemplation is left truncated, like a missed handshake, and he will therefore seize any pretext for dissimulation; after daring there always comes a leveling out, a way of compensating for having debased oneself. Physical beauty, in this sense, always seems unjust because it is unequal, alien to the unchosen ones who, out of devotion, move freely into reticence. And in general, almost inevitably, we end up being rude to those who are very beautiful.

* * *

If it is true, as Claudel said, that “thought has a beat, like the brain and heart,” then fragmentary writing approaches like no other the pulsations of the mind. We do not think continuously; we are at the mercy of short circuits, interruptions. To think is a naturally discontinuous process, sealed by the discharges, quakes, lightning that often precede awareness, loosely speaking.

* * *

Reading, translation, music: different forms of procrastination. Days split open with hardly anything to show for it, dedicated to a paragraph or two; weeks without any significant advances. The quandary between writer’s block and literary impotence is still pending. I always associate it with a hall of mirrors, an “exterior” vision of myself, an attempt to understand how others see me. Thus, for example, the other night with K., having surpassed a certain alcoholic threshold, when I felt after being left alone as if I could see myself from the other side of the table. I had only to stretch out my hand to touch myself, but I preferred to remain my own incredulous spectator. A night to be forgotten, not so much because of the conversation—a rare occasion in these past few months, where I was able to lend form to themes that interest me, one of those chance “moments of friendship” Léautaud speaks of—but because I lingered too long before the public image of my own sterility.

* * *

Mirrors, preludes to my discomfort with physicality. I find myself too thin. Or too gangly. Unkempt. Unshaven. Hair. Glasses. But in the end, I know that none of this corresponds to reality; they are bewitched visions, the hallucinations of depression. Some afternoons, sex with V. redeems all of these insecurities. We hardly speak, but I dedicate my docile gratitude to her. I recognize her patience, her devotion, her passion as that of a 20-year-old Célimène who submits to the wonky, irascible professor – “sunken into black bile,” one might say.

            There comes an age when our physique is first and foremost, part of a larger 180-degree turn of our attention toward the material nature of life itself. I recall years ago, reading Experience, the memoirs of Martin Amis, how all that rambling about his dental state seemed like a frivolous exercise to me. But now I understand that in Amis, the recurring theme of his teeth acts as a pretext to talk about physicality, about that material nature of the ego. It is almost always about something that runs parallel to sickness, to the wear and tear of the body.

* * *

It wasn’t the name that stopped me cold. It was that other line, just underneath: “Writer,” his card said. Just then, the one-armed bandit let out a roar and started spitting coins from its plastic mouth. The racket made all eyes turn to that corner of the bar. The “writer” murmured some excuse and slithered away, leaving me with his card. I put it away in my pocket, from where, now and again, it would reappear, reminding me of the ambiguous condition of that title. Was the “writer” a writer? Yes, he was, at least in the technical sense of the term: he had published various books. But I had a romantic notion of the writer that had little or nothing to do with that chubby, nervous, insecure figure, capable to dedicating hours to having that card made or to making it himself, and then handing it out at the slightest provocation. Writers—I thought—are people who lead a more fluid existence, who can ruminate their plotlines while strolling through a leather-bound library and who, above all, dominate the art of quieting the hubbub of details in order to privilege the essential. Today, I harbor a less elitist conceptualization. But all the same, I still find the title of “writer” on a business card unbearably vulgar.

* * *

I leaf through Havana Tile Designs, a beautiful little book edited by the mysterious Agile Rabbit Editions, and linger over the origin of the nostalgic enchantment that made it a near-bestseller among Cubans: in many of these floor tiles is ciphered our memory of certain colors, chromatic combinations that later fell into disuse or simply sank out of sight along with other ruins. These patterns were our Sezessionstil out there, surrounded by tropics. Reencountering them on the floors of the Barcelona Eixample came as a surprise a few years ago; far from Cuban decadence, but with flying colors, like the palm tree planted outside the home of the Indiano who has returned and publicly declares his longing. The memory of color is fragile, but intense. In a mosaic that caught my eye during a voyage to Lisbon, I recovered an old coffee set that had bounced around my grandparent’s home for years, chipped and falling into disuse; in Ravenna, once again I saw the colors of the earth I had played with as a child; in the uneven glow of the trencadis can also be found the kaleidoscope of all festive childhoods… The curse of the mosaic is compensated with this pure memory of an idealized palette reminiscent of an earlier time, some subtle and fragile colors and schemes that, at times, require long, vital intervals before they can reappear.

            I remember now a note from the Ribeyro diaries: in Brussels, on a train, he sees a green and ochre propaganda sign go by that brings back the tiles from a hallway in his childhood, and the memory of that arabesque sets off a beautiful declaration of platonic faith: “In reality, we contain ourselves our entire lives. Everything is inscribed in our nature, whether as memory, as gesture, as defect, as opinion. Nothing is lost. Our most ancient and insignificant perceptions can be recovered by the employment of a suitable stimulant.” But the writer also notes that quotidian awareness puts up a certain resistance to that recovery, as if life were the natural enemy of memory. As if memory implied no longer living to the same degree that one recalls. In counterbalance to the bolero, recalling is not so much “going back to life,” but living to let live a little; the evocation is always one of time stolen from time; an arabesque trapped in symmetry, patches of color, fragments.

* * *

All too often literary existence is understood as the construction of an image of the author who escorts and “protects” the work: careful selections, emphases, reinventions. There is undeniable pleasure in the construction of that public figure, in the metamorphosis of that writer into “someone who writes.” All interviews, as a genre, form part of this process. But only the best show us the other side of that carriage: their virtue lies not so much in relating how things add up, but rather in denouncing those that have already been subtracted.

* * *

In fragmentary writing, the division between poetry and prose does not apply: the logical ties of the former find themselves weakened, threatened by rupture, by the latter’s blank spaces. These margins express the time required for our thoughts to congeal. All evidence of this mode of writing, which we conveniently refer to as “fragmentary,” are in reality a blank genre, a no man’s land, and its inhabitants deserve the description Julio Ramón Ribeyro dedicates to them: they are landless, “texts that do not fully adjust to any genre, given that they are neither prose poems, nor the pages of a personal diary, nor notes destined for later development… they lack their own literary terrain.”

* * *

How to determine the order of such a book and, above all, how to read it? One must forget the traditional, linear, logical process and operate in a transversal manner, based on internal resonances, taking into account that, as Baudelaire warns at the beginning of Le spleen de Paris, all serpent-texts are at the same time tête et queue, head and tail, cap i cua—according to the Catalonian phrase, transformed into a metaphor for the palindrome and popularized by the game of domino. Consider, Baudelaire tells the reader, the advantages of this combinatory system: “We can cut whatever we like—me, my reverie, you, the manuscript, and the reader, his reading; for I don’t tie the impatient reader up in the endless thread of a superfluous plot. Pull out one of the vertebrae, and the two halves of this tortuous fantasy will rejoin themselves painlessly. Chop it up into numerous fragments, and you’ll find that each one can live on its own.”

* * *

My friend Mallard the poliphyle has gone to Kiruna, Swedish Lapland, to help make a snow sculpture and contemplate the aurora borealis, both tasks of the utmost importance. Upon his return, he brings me a whistle made from a reindeer bone and the following phrase: “Curtains are the devil’s undergarments.”

            It was coined by a rigorist monk who preached among the miners of Kiruna: an ascetic, leathery people subjected to the rigors of extreme nature. According to this sect and their preacher, the simple fact of needing curtains already implied the victory of sin: without them, nothing could exist that would allow one to dissemble.

            Something similar takes place in Amsterdam, where Calvinism banned curtains: while strolling through the city, one can effortlessly see what is going on inside all of the houses. As for sin, it seems unlikely that this will put an end to it. Also Made in Holland was the famous TV program “Big Brother”: that spawn of diabolical transparency.

* * *

The small whirlpools that threaten a young soul. And the tenderness that always keeps us from being fully sincere. “Fiascos in bloom”, Beckett’s unbeatable definition.

* * *

That which we call “fragmentary writing” often stems from a non-dialectic appreciation of time. In Antiquity, there was a distinction between two kinds of time: that of Chronos, consecutive temporality, and that of Aion, which includes pauses, all that is infinitely sub-divisible, and that which can be fragmented. Thus, for example: down time, suffering, oblivion. Like being trapped in an interlude: the past pulls away toward that which we never know for certain whether or not it ever took place, while the future remains in suspense. Blanchot speaks of “the dispersion of a present that, even while being only passage does not pass, never fixes itself in a present, refers to no past and goes toward no future.” A writing that is often embroidered onto the time of such anticipation.

* * *

The enchanting simplicity and the profound wisdom of these verses describing the lover who leaves, in a rush, to catch the “Eleven o’clock train,” a song by Adoniran Barbosa in the voice of Gal Costa: Sou filho único / Tenho minha casa pra olhar…

* * *

As a last resort to stave off the rain, we drive a knife into the ground. A metonymical act, a sign of sympathetic magic: the invisible blood of the wounded Earth flows, triggering a drought in the heavens. This is a pact between contradictory meaning and primary elements, transposed in an act of violence that conjures the fury of Nature. But there are other meanings, which correlate on a different scale. Someone enabled me to see it this way: the buried blade rips into the grey canopy of clouds, dissolving it, draining the storm. It’s the gesture that counts; that wild faith in our determination to challenge nature, cleaving the blade in search of a magical lymph.

* * *

There can be no literarily effective memory without fragmentation, without blank spaces. Beckett explains this very nicely in his essay on Proust: “The man with a good memory does not remember anything because he does not forget anything. His memory is uniform, a creature of routine, at once a condition and function of his impeccable habit, an instrument of reference instead of an instrument of discovery. The paean of his memory: ‘I remember as well as I remember yesterday…’ is also its epitaph, and gives the precise expression of its value. He cannot remember yesterday any more than he can remember tomorrow.”

Ernesto Hernández Busto (La Habana, Cuba, 1968). Cuban poet, essayist, editor and translator resides in Barcelona. He is the author of Perfiles derechos. Fisonomías del escritor reaccionario (Península, Barcelona, 2004) and Inventario de saldos. Apuntes sobre literatura cubana (Colibrí, Madrid, 2005). He is a collaborator of El País.

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